What are the Two Types of Die Casting Machines?

By Cherry / July 16th, 2024 

Die-casting machines are indispensable equipment in modern manufacturing, which are used to inject molten metal into molds to form high-precision and high--

strength metal parts.

According to the different structures and working principles, die-casting machines are mainly divided into two types: hot chamber die-casting machines and cold 

chamber die-casting machines.

This article will introduce the characteristics, application scope, and advantages and disadvantages of these two die-casting machines in detail.

1. Hot chamber die-casting machine

The hot chamber die casting machine, also known as the gooseneck die casting machine, is a device suitable for low melting point metals such as zinc, magnesium and 

tin alloys.

The characteristic of the hot chamber die-casting machine is that its die-casting chamber is directly immersed in the molten metal, and the die-casting process is 

fast and efficient.

1.1 Structure and working principle

The main components of the hot chamber die-casting machine include the die casting chamber, gooseneck tube, nozzle, mold and clamping mechanism. Its working 

the principle is as follows:

Die-casting chamber heating: The die casting chamber is directly heated to the required temperature to keep the metal in a molten state.

Injection of molten metal: The molten metal is injected into the die casting chamber through the gooseneck tube, and then the metal is injected into the mold 

through the nozzle.

Cooling and solidification: The metal cools and solidifies rapidly in the mold to form the desired casting shape.

Opening the mold and taking out the casting: The mold is opened and the solidified casting is taken out.

1.2 Advantages

High efficiency: Since the die-casting chamber is directly heated, the metal melting and injection process is rapid, which is suitable for mass production.

Low energy consumption: The die-casting chamber is in direct contact with the molten metal, which reduces heat loss and has low energy consumption.

Simple operation: The operation of the hot chamber die casting machine is relatively simple, with a high degree of automation and convenient maintenance.

1.3 Disadvantages

Temperature limitation: Since the die casting chamber and gooseneck are immersed in the molten metal, high melting point metals (such as aluminum and copper) 

cannot be processed.

Limited material selection: It is mainly suitable for low melting point metals and is not suitable for applications with high strength requirements.

1.4 Scope of application

Hot chamber die casting machines are mainly used to manufacture small and complex parts, such as electronic components, toys, locks, automotive parts, etc.

These parts do not require high melting points of materials but have high production efficiency and precision requirements.

2. Cold chamber die casting machine

A cold chamber die casting machine is a kind of equipment suitable for high melting point metals, such as aluminum, copper, and magnesium alloys. The 

characteristic of a cold chamber die casting machine is that its die casting chamber is separated from the furnace, which is suitable for high temperature and 

high-pressure working environment.

2.1 Structure and working principle

The main components of a cold chamber die casting machine include a die-casting chamber, injection punch, mold and mold clamping mechanism. Its working principle 

is as follows:

Furnace melting metal: metal is heated to a molten state in an independent furnace.

Injection metal: molten metal is scooped out of the furnace and poured into the die casting chamber of the cold chamber die casting machine.

Shot metal: injection punch presses molten metal from the die casting chamber into the mold.

Cooling and solidification: metal cools and solidifies rapidly in the mold to form the desired casting shape.

Open mold and take out: the mold is opened and the solidified casting is taken out.

2.2 Advantages

Applicable to high melting point metals: it can handle high melting point metals such as aluminum and copper, expanding the range of material selection.

High-strength castings: Suitable for manufacturing high-strength and high-durability metal parts.

Flexibility: Suitable for castings of various sizes and shapes, with wide adaptability.

2.3 Disadvantages

Low efficiency: Since the metal needs to be scooped out of the furnace and poured into the die-casting chamber, the production process is slow.

High energy consumption: A separate furnace is required to heat the metal, which consumes a lot of energy.

Complex operation: The operation process is relatively complicated, the requirements for technicians are high, and the maintenance is also relatively complicated.

2.4 Scope of application

Cold chamber die-casting machines are mainly used to manufacture medium and large castings, such as automobile engine blocks, gearbox housings, and electronic 

communication equipment housings.

These castings require high strength and durability and are large in size.

Conclusion

Hot chamber die casting machines and cold chamber die casting machines have their own advantages and disadvantages, and are suitable for different types of metals 

and castings.

Hot chamber die casting machines are suitable for small and complex parts of low melting point metals, with the advantages of high efficiency and low energy 

consumption, but are limited by temperature and material selection.

Cold chamber die casting machines are suitable for large, high-strength castings of high-melting-point metals. Although they are less efficient and have higher 

energy consumption, they are more adaptable.

When choosing the type of die-casting machine, companies should make comprehensive considerations based on specific production needs, material properties, and 

casting requirements to select the most suitable die-casting equipment.

Understanding the characteristics and application scope of these two types of die-casting machines will help companies improve production efficiency, reduce costs, 

and improve product quality.

For more info, you can refer to: https://www.youtube.com/shorts/JLX410QV_kw

Contact LK Egypt to learn more info about the die-casting machine

LKAGENT OFFICE DCM

Address: Industry Zone, South of Port Said Kebly, Egypt

https://www.zazdiecasting.com/

Phone/WhatsApp/Wechat: +86 13598704163

Mobile: +20 101 304 3317      +20 150 181 8310

Email: jack@zazmae.com      ahmedmahmoud@zazmae.com

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