A Type of Pipe or Vessel

2024-09-30 by Cherry

Introduction

In modern manufacturing, die-casting machines, as an important

industrial production equipment, play a key role in manufacturing

various metal parts. Pipes or Vessels also have an indispensable

position in the die-casting machine system. Although they 

seem ordinary, they have a vital impact on the performance, 

efficiency, and product quality of the die-casting machine.

This article will explore in depth the functions, designs, 

specific application cases in die-casting machines, advantage 

analysis, design considerations, and future development trends 

of Pipes or Vessels.

Functions of Type of Pipe or Vessel

1. Conveying function

In a die-casting machine, the primary function of a Pipes or Vessel

is to transport various substances, such as liquid

metal, coolant, lubricant, etc. Taking liquid metal as an 

example, it needs to be accurately transported from a furnace

or a holding furnace to the cavity of a die-casting mold 

through a specific pipe. This process requires the pipeline 

to ensure the smooth flow of liquid metal, avoid blockages, 

leakage and other problems, to ensure the continuity 

and stability of die-casting production.

2. Storage function

Pipes or Vessels are not only used for transmission but also for 

storing molten metal. Well-designed Pipes or Vessels can effectively

maintain the state of the metal and ensure the continuity 

and stability of the casting process.

Some Pipes or Vessels also play a storage role in the die-casting

machine. For example, the Type of Pipes or Vessels for storing coolants or 

lubricants provides a stable source of materials for the cooling

system and lubrication system of the die-casting machine.

During the die-casting process, coolants and lubricants need

to be supplied at certain time intervals and dosages. These

Type of Pipes or Vessels can release the required materials promptly 

according to the working rhythm of the die-casting machine 

to maintain the normal operating temperature and good working

condition of the various components of the die-casting machine.

3. Maintaining temperature function

Temperature control is crucial during the die-casting process. 

The material selection and structural design of Types of Pipes or Vessels

need to ensure good thermal insulation performance to prevent

the metal from being too cold during transportation and causing

casting defects.

4. Pressure regulation function

Some Types of Pipe or Vessel also have the function of pressure 

regulation. In the hydraulic system of the die-casting machine,

the precise control of the hydraulic oil pressure can be achieved

through the reasonable design of the Type of Pipe or Vessel. For 

example, some accumulators, such as special Types of Pipe or Vessel, 

can play a role in buffering and replenishing energy when the pressure 

of the hydraulic system fluctuates, so that the working pressure

of the die-casting machine remains stable and the accuracy 

and reliability of the die-casting action is ensured.

5. Separation and filtration functions

In some cases, the Type of Pipe or Vessel is also used to separate

and filter materials. For example, in the cooling system of 

a die-casting machine, a filter may be set to remove impurities

from the coolant to prevent impurities from entering the cooling

pipe and mold cooling channel, affecting the cooling effect or 

even damaging the equipment.

At the same time, the structural design of some pipes or 

type of Pipe or Vessel can promote the separation of substances

in different phases. For example, in the exhaust system of a 

die-casting machine, the gas and liquid metal are separated through

a specific Type of Pipe or Vessel structure to ensure that the gas generated 

during the die-casting process can be discharged smoothly, thereby

improving the quality of the casting.

Design of Type of Pipe or Vessel

1. Material selection

The materials of Type of Pipe or Vessel are usually high-temperature

and corrosion-resistant alloy steel or aluminum alloy to 

ensure that they are not easily deformed or corroded in high-temperature

environments.

1.1 High-temperature resistance

For the Type of Pipe or Vessel that transports liquid metal, since 

liquid metal usually has a higher temperature, the material 

needs to have good high-temperature resistance. Common choices 

include heat-resistant alloy steel, graphite, and other materials.

Heat-resistant alloy steel can maintain good strength and 

toughness at high temperatures and resist erosion and thermal 

shock of liquid metal; graphite has excellent high-temperature 

resistance and thermal conductivity, but its strength is relatively

low, and it usually needs to be used in combination with other

materials or adopt a special structural design to enhance its 

strength.

1.2 Corrosion resistance

Substances such as coolants and lubricants may corrode the Type of Pipe 

or Vessel, so the corrosion resistance of materials is also crucial.

Stainless steel is a commonly used corrosion-resistant material 

that can maintain stable chemical properties under a variety of 

corrosive environments.

In addition, some special plastic materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene

(PTFE) also have good corrosion resistance and a low friction

coefficient, which is suitable for some occasions with high

requirements for friction resistance, such as lubricant delivery 

pipelines.

1.3 Strength and rigidity requirements

The type of Pipe or Vessel needs to withstand certain pressures and 

external forces, so the material should have sufficient strength

and rigidity. In the high-pressure working environment of the 

die-casting machine, such as the Type of Pipe or Vessel in the hydraulic

system, high-strength alloy steel or high-quality carbon steel 

is a common choice. These materials can ensure that deformation, 

rupture, and other problems do not occur under high pressure, 

ensuring the safe operation of the die-casting machine.

2. Structural design

The structural design adopts fluid mechanics design and modular

design.

Reasonable fluid mechanics design can reduce the flow resistance

of liquid metal in the pipeline and ensure efficient transmission. 

The diameter, length, and bending angle of the pipeline must be 

accurately calculated.

At the same time, the modern manufacturing industry pays more 

and more attention to flexibility. Modular design allows 

type of Pipe or Vesselto be adjusted according to actual

needs to adapt to different die-casting machine models.

2.1 Shape and size

The shape and size of the Type of Pipe or Vessel should be 

designed according to its specific function and installation location 

in the die-casting machine. For example, the pipeline for conveying

liquid metal usually adopts a circular cross-section to reduce

fluid resistance and ensure the uniformity of flow. 

Its diameter size needs to be accurately calculated according

to the production scale of the die-casting machine and the 

flow requirements of the liquid metal to ensure that while

meeting the production needs, it will not cause excessive 

heat loss due to the large diameter of the pipeline or 

affect the flow rate and pressure of the liquid metal due

to its small diameter.

Type of Pipe or Vessel, its shape, and size should be taken into account 

the capacity of the stored material, ease of use, and matching 

with other parts of the die-casting machine.

For example, the shape of the coolant storage Type of Pipe or Vessel

may be designed as a square or cylindrical shape according to the 

spatial layout of the die-casting machine, and its capacity 

should be determined according to the cooling requirements 

and working time of the die-casting machine to ensure that 

sufficient coolant can be provided within a working cycle.

2.2 Connection method

The connection method between the Type of Pipe or Vessel and 

other components of the die-casting machine directly affects 

the sealing and reliability of the system. Common connection 

methods include welding, threaded connection, and flange connection.

Welding connection has high sealing and strength, but installation

and maintenance is relatively difficult; threaded connection 

is easy to install, but loosening and leakage may occur under 

high-pressure and high-temperature environment, and appropriate

anti-loosening measures need to be taken; flange connection 

is suitable for occasions that require frequent disassembly and

maintenance. Through the cooperation of flange and sealing 

gasket, a better sealing effect can be achieved, but the cost is

relatively high.

When designing the connection method, it is also necessary to

consider the material properties of the Type of Pipe or Vessel

and the properties of the conveyed material. For example, for

some highly corrosive substances, corrosion-resistant connection

materials and sealing gaskets should be selected to prevent 

leakage and corrosion at the connection.

2.3 Internal structure design

For some Type of Pipe or Vessel with special functions, their 

internal structure design is also very critical. For example, in

a container with a filtering function, it is necessary to design

a reasonable filter medium installation structure and fluid 

channel to ensure that impurities can be effectively filtered 

and intercepted without affecting the normal flow of the fluid.

In a pressure-regulating Type of Pipe or Vessel (such as an accumulator), 

pistons, airbags, and other components may need to be set inside 

to realize the pressure storage and regulation functions. The 

structural design must ensure that the movement of these components

is flexible and reliable, and can be well-sealed with the 

container body.

Specific application cases in die-casting machines

Type of Pipe or Vessel in the hydraulic system of die-casting

machines

1. Application Scenarios

The hydraulic system of the die-casting machine is the core

power source for realizing various die-casting actions, 

including mold closing, mold opening, injection, ejection,

and other actions. In the hydraulic system, pipelines are 

used to connect various hydraulic components, such as oil

pumps, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic valves, etc., to 

deliver hydraulic oil to the required position. The Type of 

Pipe or Vessel mainly includes oil tanks, accumulators, etc.

As a Type of Pipe or Vessel for storing hydraulic oil, the oil tank 

provides a stable oil source for the entire hydraulic 

system; the accumulator is used to store and release hydraulic

energy, which plays a role in balancing pressure, absorbing 

shock, and replenishing energy during the operation of the

die-casting machine.

2. Working principle

When the oil pump starts, hydraulic oil is drawn from the

oil tank and transported to the hydraulic valve through 

the pipeline. The hydraulic valve controls the flow direction

and pressure of the hydraulic oil according to the working

requirements of the die-casting machine so that the hydraulic

cylinder performs the corresponding action. 

For example, during the mold-closing process, the hydraulic

oil enters the mold closing the hydraulic cylinder to push the

mold to close. During the injection process, the high-pressure 

hydraulic oil quickly enters the injection hydraulic cylinder,

pushing the injection piston to inject liquid metal into the

mold cavity at high speed.

The working principle of the accumulator in the hydraulic system

is based on the compressibility of gas. It usually consists

of a bladder filled with gas (such as nitrogen) and a shell 

filled with hydraulic oil. When the pressure of the hydraulic

system increases, the hydraulic oil enters the accumulator,

compresses the gas in the bladder, and stores the energy; 

when the system pressure drops, the gas in the bladder expands,

pushing the hydraulic oil out of the accumulator, replenishing

the energy of the system, thereby maintaining the stability 

of the pressure of the hydraulic system.

3. Actual effect

The working efficiency and performance stability of the die-casting

machine can be significantly improved by rationally designing

and applying the Type of Pipe or Vessel in the hydraulic 

system. For example, using pipes with appropriate diameters and

wall thicknesses can reduce the pressure loss of hydraulic 

oil during transportation, improve the response speed and energy 

transfer efficiency of the system. 

The application of accumulators can effectively absorb pressure 

shocks and pulsations in the hydraulic system, reduce noise 

and vibration and extend the service life of hydraulic components.

At the same time, stable hydraulic pressure can ensure the 

accuracy and consistency of die-casting movements, and improve

the quality and dimensional accuracy of castings.

Type of Pipe or Vessel in the cooling system of die-casting

machines

1. Application Scenarios

During the die-casting process, some key components of the 

mold and die-casting machine will generate a lot of heat. 

If they are not cooled in time, they will cause mold deformation,

deterioration of casting quality, and equipment failure. 

Therefore, the cooling system plays a vital role in the 

die-casting machine. The pipes in the cooling system are 

used to transport coolant (usually water or coolant) to the 

mold and parts that need to be cooled, while the Type of Pipe

or Vessel are used to store coolant and adjust the flow and pressure 

of the coolant.

2. Working principle

The coolant flows out of the coolant storage Type of Pipe or Vessel

and enters the cooling channel of the mold or other cooling parts

of the die-casting machine through the pipe. In the cooling 

channel, the coolant exchanges heat with the mold or component

absorbs heat and its temperature rises, and then returns to 

the coolant type of Pipe or Vessel through the return pipe.

In the Type of Pipe or Vessel, a cooling device (such as a radiator) 

may be set to cool the heated coolant, so that it can be recycled 

again after its temperature drops. To control the cooling effect, 

devices such as flow control valves and pressure sensors are 

usually set in the cooling system.

The flow control valve can adjust the flow of the coolant 

according to the mold temperature and the die-casting process 

requirements, thereby achieving precise control of the cooling

rate. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of

the cooling system to ensure that it is within the normal

working range and prevents the cooling effect and system 

safety from being affected by excessive or low pressure.

3. Actual effect

Good cooling system design and application can effectively 

reduce the mold temperature and improve the solidification 

speed and quality of the casting. By accurately controlling

the flow and temperature of the coolant, defects such as 

pores and shrinkage holes inside the casting can be reduced,

and the density and mechanical properties of the casting 

can be improved. 

At the same time, reasonable cooling can also extend the service

life of the mold and reduce production costs. For example, 

in some aluminum alloy die-casting production, by optimizing 

the pipeline layout and Type of Pipe or Vessel design of the

cooling system, the mold temperature is evenly distributed, 

the scrap rate of castings is significantly reduced, and the 

production efficiency is greatly improved.

Type of Pipe or Vessel in the lubrication system of 

die-casting machines

1. Application Scenarios

The various moving parts of the die-casting machine need 

good lubrication during operation to reduce friction, wear 

and energy loss, and improve the operating reliability and 

life of the equipment. 

The pipeline in the lubrication system is responsible for 

transporting the lubricant to various lubrication points, 

such as the guide rails and sliders of the clamping mechanism,

and the pistons and connecting rods of the injection mechanism. 

The Type of Pipe or Vessel is used to store lubricants and provide a 

certain pressure and flow guarantee for the lubrication system.

2. Working principle

The lubrication system usually adopts centralized lubrication

or decentralized lubrication. In the centralized lubrication

system, the lubricant is transported from the storage Type of Pipe or 

Vessel to the main pipeline through an oil pump, and then distributed

to each lubrication point through a branch pipeline. 

At each lubrication point, a quantitative distributor or nozzle

maybe set to ensure that the lubricant can be accurately 

sprayed to the part that needs lubrication according to the

predetermined amount.

The decentralized lubrication system is to set up a small 

lubricant Type of Pipe or Vessel and oil supply device near 

each part that needs lubrication to directly lubricate the part. 

This method is suitable for some parts with complex structures

or limited space, but it is necessary to regularly inspect

and maintain each decentralized lubrication device. To ensure

the lubrication effect, some monitoring devices such as oil 

level sensors and pressure sensors are also set in the lubrication 

system. The oil level sensor is used to monitor the liquid 

level in the lubricant storage Type of Pipe or Vessel. When 

the liquid level is too low, an alarm is issued to remind you to add 

lubricant in time. 

The pressure sensor is used to monitor the working pressure 

of the lubrication system to ensure that the lubricant can

be smoothly delivered to each lubrication point under the

specified pressure.

3. Actual effect

The reasonable design and application of the pipelines and 

containers of the lubrication system can significantly reduce

the wear of the moving parts of the die-casting machine and 

reduce the probability of equipment failure. Good lubrication

can improve the operating efficiency of the equipment, reduce

energy consumption, and also help improve the surface quality 

of the casting. 

For example, maintaining good lubrication between the guide

rails and sliders of the clamping mechanism can make the

clamping action more stable and smooth, reducing the clamping

error, and thus improve the dimensional accuracy and production

qualification rate of the casting. 

In addition, regular maintenance and upkeep of the lubrication

system, and replacement of filters and lubricants can ensure 

the long-term stable operation of the lubrication system and 

extend the overall service life of the die-casting machine.

Case 1: Automotive parts production

In an automotive parts manufacturing plant, an efficient 

liquid aluminum delivery pipeline system is used. The system

ensures that the temperature loss of liquid aluminum during

the delivery process is less than 5% through optimized 

fluid mechanics design. This design increases the qualified

rate of castings by 20%.

Case 2: Electronic product casting

In an electronic product manufacturing company, a casting 

container with an insulation function is used. The inner wall 

of the container is coated with a special coating, which can

effectively isolate external heat and ensure the stability

of liquid metal during the casting process. As a result, 

the company's production efficiency has increased by 15%.

Advantages Analysis

1. Improve production efficiency

1.1 Stable material delivery

Pipelines or containers can ensure the stable delivery of 

liquid metal, coolant, lubricant, and other materials in 

the die-casting machine, avoiding production interruptions

and delays caused by untimely or unstable material supply. 

For example, a precisely designed liquid metal delivery pipeline 

can ensure the rapid and accurate filling of liquid metal 

during each die-casting process, reduce the die-casting cycle

time, and thus improve production efficiency.

1.2 Fast response and action

In the hydraulic system and lubrication system of the die-casting

machine, the reasonable design of pipelines and containers can

achieve rapid pressure build-up and energy transfer, so that 

each actuator can respond quickly to instructions and complete 

actions such as mold closing, mold opening, injection, and 

ejection. At the same time, a good cooling system can quickly 

reduce the mold temperature, shorten the cooling time of the 

casting, further speed up the production rhythm, and increase 

the output per unit of time.

1.3 Support for Automated Production

Modern die-casting machines usually use automated control systems,

and pipelines and containers, as important components of the 

die-casting machine system can work well with automated control

systems. For example, sensors are used to monitor material flow, pressure, 

liquid level and other parameters in pipes and containers in real time,

and the data is fed back to the control system. The control system

can automatically adjust the working parameters of the die-casting 

machine according to the preset program to achieve automated production

and improve production efficiency and consistency.

2. Improve product quality

2.1 Accurate process control

The application of pipes and containers in die-casting machines helps

to achieve accurate control of die-casting process parameters. For 

example, by controlling the flow and temperature of the coolant, the 

cooling rate of the mold can be accurately adjusted, thereby affecting

the solidification process and microstructure of the casting. The 

appropriate cooling rate can reduce defects inside the casting, such

as pores and shrinkage holes, and improve the density and mechanical

properties of the casting. At the same time, stable liquid metal 

delivery and accurate injection pressure control can ensure the 

dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the casting and reduce 

the scrap rate.

2.2 Uniform temperature distribution

In the die-casting process, the temperature uniformity of the mold is

crucial to the quality of the casting. Well-designed cooling pipes 

and containers can achieve uniform distribution of mold temperature 

and avoid deformation, cracks and other problems in the casting caused

by excessively high or low local temperatures. For example, by 

adopting a reasonable cooling pipeline layout and flow distribution,

various parts of the mold can maintain a similar temperature during

the die-casting process, thereby ensuring quality stability and

consistency of the castings.

2.3 Effective removal of impurities

Some pipes or containers have filtering and separation functions, 

which can remove impurities from liquid metal, coolants, and 

lubricants.For example, setting a filter in the liquid metal

delivery pipeline can prevent impurities from entering 

the mold cavity, avoid the formation of defects such as slag

inclusions on the surface of the casting, and improve the 

surface quality and internal purity of the casting. Similarly,

removing impurities in the coolant and lubricant system can 

protect the pipeline, pumps, and other parts of the equipment, 

ensure their normal operation, and indirectly ensure the stability

of die-casting production and product quality.

3. Reduce production costs

3.1 Reduce equipment maintenance and replacement costs

Reasonable design and selection of materials and structures

for pipes and containers can improve their service life and 

reliability, and reduce the maintenance frequency and repair 

costs of equipment. For example, using corrosion-resistant and

high-temperature resistant materials to make pipes and containers

can reduce leakage and damage caused by corrosion and wear. 

At the same time, a good lubrication system can reduce the wear

of moving parts, extend the service life of equipment, and 

reduce the replacement cost of equipment.

3.2 Improve energy efficiency

By optimizing the design of pipes and containers, such as reducing

fluid resistance and improving heat exchange efficiency, the 

energy consumption of the die-casting machine during operation can

be reduced. For example, a reasonably designed cooling pipe can

improve the heat exchange efficiency between the coolant and the

mold, reduce the amount of coolant and the energy consumption of

the cooling system. Similarly, in the hydraulic system, the use

of pipes with appropriate diameters and wall thicknesses can 

reduce pressure loss, improve the working efficiency of the oil

pump, reduce energy consumption, and thus reduce production costs.

3.3 Reduce scrap rate

As mentioned earlier, pipes and containers play an important role

in improving product quality and can effectively reduce defects

and scrap rates of castings. Reducing the scrap rate means 

reducing the waste of raw materials and the loss of production 

costs. For example, every percentage point reduction in the scrap

rate can bring considerable economic benefits to large-scale 

die-casting production companies, including comprehensive benefits

such as saving raw material costs, reducing processing costs,

and improving production efficiency.

Design considerations

1. Compatibility with die-casting machines

1. 1 Size and space layout

The size of the pipeline and container should be designed according

to the overall size and structure of the die-casting machine to

ensure that it can be reasonably installed and arranged in a 

limited space. At the same time, the relative position relationship

with other parts of the die-casting machine should be taken 

into account to avoid interference and collision. During the design

process, it is necessary to fully consider the convenience of

operation and maintenance of the die-casting machine and leave

enough space for the inspection and replacement of pipelines 

and containers.

1.2 Working parameter matching

The design of pipelines and containers should match the working 

parameters of the die-casting machine, including pressure, flow,

temperature, etc. For example, the pressure resistance of the

liquid metal delivery pipeline must meet the highest pressure

requirements in the die-casting process, the flow and heat 

dissipation capacity of the cooling pipeline must be adapted to

the cooling requirements of the die-casting machine, and the

oil supply pressure and flow of the lubrication pipeline must

be able to ensure that each lubrication point is fully lubricated.

Only when the working parameters match can the pipeline and 

container operates normally and plays its due role and at the 

same time, it can also avoid equipment damage and failure caused

by overload or mismatch.

1.3 Compatibility of interfaces and connection methods

The interfaces and connection methods between pipes and containers

and other parts of the die-casting machine must be compatible

to ensure reliable connection and sealing. When designing, the

materials, shapes and sizes of different parts should be taken

into consideration, and appropriate connection methods, such 

as welding, threaded connection, flange connection, etc., should

be selected, and the strength and sealing of the connection 

parts should be ensured to meet the requirements. At the same

time, attention should be paid to the operability and maintenance

convenience of the connection method so that it can be easily

disassembled and replaced when necessary.

2. Safety

2.1 Pressure safety

For pipes and containers under pressure, such as some parts 

of hydraulic systems and liquid metal delivery systems, strict

pressure design and safety assessment must be carried out. 

Appropriate materials and wall thicknesses should be selected

according to the working pressure to ensure that they can 

withstand the specified pressure without rupture or leakage. 

At the same time, safety devices such as safety valves and 

pressure sensors should be set up. When the pressure exceeds

the set value, pressure relief and alarm can be carried out 

in time to ensure the safety of operators and equipment.

2.2 High-temperature safety

In cases involving high-temperature liquid metal and a 

high-temperature working environment, effective insulation 

and protection measures should be taken to prevent the scalding

of personnel and damage to equipment. For pipes and containers

that transport liquid metal, insulation materials should be 

used to wrap them to reduce heat loss and the impact on the 

surrounding environment. At the same time, warning signs should

be set up to remind operators to pay attention to high-temperature

hazards and avoid accidental touch. During the design and 

installation process, thermal expansion factors should also be

taken into account, and corresponding compensation measures 

should be taken to prevent damage to pipes or containers due to

thermal expansion and contraction.

2.3 Leakage safety

Preventing leakage of pipes and containers is an important part 

of ensuring the safe operation of die-casting machines. When 

designing, high-quality sealing materials and sealing structures

should be selected to ensure that the connection parts are 

completely sealed.

3. Convenient maintenance

The design should take into account the convenience of maintenance.

Structures that are easy to disassemble and clean can reduce the

difficulty and cost of later maintenance.

4. Environmentally friendly design

The modern manufacturing industry pays more and more attention to 

environmental protection. Design should minimize resource consumption 

and environmental impact. The use of recyclable materials is also a trend.

Future development trends

1. Intelligence

The design of pipes and containers in the future will gradually 

develop towards intelligence, equipped with sensors to monitor 

temperature and pressure in real-time to ensure stable operation

of the system.

2. 3D printing technology

The introduction of 3D printing technology will make the design 

of pipes and containers more flexible and able to meet complex 

structural requirements.

3. Sustainable development

With stricter environmental regulations, future designs will pay

more attention to sustainability, and the use of renewable 

materials and energy-saving technologies will become the norm.

Conclusion

The application of pipes or containers in die-casting machines 

directly affects production efficiency, cost, and product quality.

Through reasonable design and material selection, companies can

optimize the casting process and improve their competitiveness.

With the advancement of technology, future pipes and containers

will be more intelligent and flexible, helping the sustainable 

development of the die-casting machine industry.

I hope this article can help readers deeply understand the 

importance of this key equipment and make full use of them 

in practical applications.

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